World on track for 3.25C warming by 2100 under current policies, Swiss-German study finds

A new study from ETH Zurich and Leipzig University warns that global temperatures could rise about 3.25C above pre-industrial levels by 2100 if current policies remain unchanged. The researchers adjusted their models using satellite measurements of Earth's energy imbalance and natural climate variability, concluding that previous projections may have underestimated warming by roughly 25% for any emission trajectory without drastic cuts. The study also cuts the remaining global carbon budget by about one-fifth compared to earlier estimates, meaning we have less room to emit than previously thought. While a 3C world is not inevitable, the findings suggest faster mitigation is needed to meet any given temperature target. The authors stress that severe emissions reductions could still substantially limit future warming, but the window for action is narrowing.