Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) converts coal into syngas directly in the earth through controlled combustion. This process allows access to deep coal seams that are too expensive or dangerous to mine traditionally, providing a source of hydrogen and chemicals for industrial use. While UCG reduces surface land disruption and mining accidents, it poses significant environmental challenges. Key risks include groundwater contamination from leachate, potential land subsidence, and the continued emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
