A new study from Hiroshima University reveals that rhodolith beds, formed by calcifying coralline algae, host distinct species communities at different depths and contribute to long-term carbon storage in marine sediments. Researchers identified four new species of coralline algae off Tanegashima Island, Japan, showing that deeper mesophotic zones harbor unique biodiversity not found in shallow waters. Rhodoliths are pebble-like living algae that create habitats and sequester atmospheric CO2 in their calcified structures. The study used DNA sequencing and microscopy to validate species, emphasizing the need for better taxonomy to understand blue carbon ecosystems. Only three of twelve species found at 35-38 meters depth were also present in nearby shallow beds, highlighting depth-driven ecological separation. Understanding the distribution and carbon-sequestering potential of these algae is essential for accurate climate change mitigation strategies and conservation of blue carbon ecosystems. The research aims to reassess global coralline algal diversity using genetic and morphological data to improve predictive models for marine resilience.
