India is struggling to bridge the gap between its green steel goals and the practical realities of production. While electric arc furnaces using scrap steel offer a short term path to lower emissions, high freight rates and shifting export policies in Europe are disrupting the supply chain. Beyond scrap availability, the industry faces technical barriers in producing low carbon flat steel. While hydrogen based direct reduced iron shows promise, most new capacity still relies on coal, suggesting a slow transition unless clean energy infrastructure and raw material logistics improve.
