A deep dive into nine of India's largest state-owned energy enterprises reveals their massive influence on the country's climate goals. While these PSUs manage the bulk of India's fossil fuel assets and account for a significant portion of national emissions, they also serve as the primary vehicles for scaling renewable energy and grid modernization. The analysis highlights a critical tension between existing fossil fuel investments and the push toward net-zero targets. As India aims for 60% non-fossil installed capacity by 2035, the ability of these public entities to pivot from coal and oil toward system integration and clean energy will determine the pace of the national transition.
