India faces a complex challenge in decarbonizing its power grid while meeting surging electricity demand. While renewable capacity has grown significantly, coal remains essential for baseload power and grid stability due to the intermittent nature of solar and wind energy. Achieving net zero by 2070 will require massive investments in battery storage, pumped hydro, and grid modernization. The transition depends on sequencing the phase-down of coal without compromising energy security or economic development.
