New research highlights the potential of process water from hydrothermal carbonization to serve as a sustainable liquid fertilizer. This byproduct, often treated as waste, contains essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus that can increase crop yields and reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers. By integrating this liquid into circular bioeconomy systems, industries can lower greenhouse gas emissions and improve nutrient use efficiency. While pre-treatment is necessary to remove inhibitory compounds, the process offers a viable path toward decarbonizing agricultural inputs.
