Researchers have developed a method to run copper-catalysed carbon monoxide electrolysis under dynamic power conditions, mimicking the intermittent supply from renewable sources like solar. The study, published in Nature Catalysis, found that repeated power cycling degrades copper cathodes through carbonate buildup or oxidation. A controlled power-down strategy that keeps the cathode at a slightly negative potential prevents this degradation, enabling over 750 hours of stable operation. Techno-economic analysis shows dynamic operation could cut acetic acid production costs by up to 26% by taking advantage of lower electricity prices during off-peak hours. This work addresses a key barrier to integrating CO electrolysis with intermittent renewables. The protective voltage method is a practical fix for catalyst stability under real-world grid conditions. The cost reduction from dynamic operation is significant for making electrochemical carbon utilization economically viable, especially for producing chemicals like acetic acid from captured CO.
