A new study in Geophysical Research Letters found that China's planted forests increased their leaf area 4.6% faster than naturally regenerating forests of the same age between 2000 and 2022. The advantage is strongest in young forests around 30 to 40 years old and is largely driven by rising atmospheric CO2, which boosts photosynthesis. The researchers used satellite data to track leaf area index across China. After matching forests by age, climate, and vegetation type, planted forests still showed faster canopy expansion. However, natural forests eventually catch up and may offer better long-term resilience and biodiversity. The findings suggest planted forests can provide a relatively quick carbon benefit, but they are not a replacement for mature natural forests. Effective climate policy needs both restoration planting and protection of existing ecosystems.
