Nigeria faces severe air quality issues driven by black carbon emissions. The pollution stems from two primary sources: industrial gas flaring and illegal crude oil refining in the oil sector, and the widespread use of wood and charcoal for cooking and food processing in low-income communities. This soot pollution creates significant respiratory and cardiovascular health risks for residents. The situation highlights the critical need for expanded electricity access and cleaner cooking alternatives to replace biomass fuels in regions where residential gas and power remain expensive or unavailable.
