Article 6 of the Paris Agreement: Carbon Markets, ITMOs, and NDC Cooperation Explained
vajiramandravi.comArticle 6 of the Paris Agreement sets the rules for countries to cooperate on cutting emissions through carbon markets and non-market approaches. It allows nations to trade Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) to meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) more efficiently. The framework includes three main parts: Article 6.2 for bilateral trading, Article 6.4 for a centralized carbon crediting mechanism, and Article 6.8 for non-market cooperation. Corresponding adjustments prevent double counting of emission reductions, and a new Centralized Accounting and Reporting Platform (CARP) tracks all transfers. India has set up a National Designated Authority under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to approve projects and authorize Emission Reduction Units for international trading. The framework also helps mobilize climate finance and technology transfer for developing countries. Challenges remain around ensuring environmental integrity, avoiding double counting, and maintaining transparent reporting. The rules are still being refined through annual COP meetings and work by the Article 6.4 Supervisory Body.
